Инд. авторы:	Kuibida M.L., Safonova I.Y., Vladimirov A.G., Kruk N.N., Yermolov P.V., Yamamoto S..
Заглавие:	Tonalites and plagiogranites of the char suture-shear zone in east kazakhstan: implications for the kazakhstan-siberia collision
Библ. ссылка:	Kuibida M.L., Safonova I.Y., Vladimirov A.G., Kruk N.N., Yermolov P.V., Yamamoto S. Tonalites and plagiogranites of the char suture-shear zone in east kazakhstan: implications for the kazakhstan-siberia collision // Geoscience Frontiers. - 2016. - Vol.7. - Iss. 1. - P.141-150. - ISSN 1674-9871.
Внешние системы:	DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2015.09.002; РИНЦ: 26858789; SCOPUS: 2-s2.0-84955694719; WoS: 000370087800016;
Реферат:	eng: The paper presents first U-Pb zircon ages and geochemical data from Carboniferous granitoids (tonalites and plagiogranites) of the Char suture-shear zone in East Kazakhstan, which is located in the north-western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The study included analysis of geological setting, major and trace elements, and rock petrogenesis. The Char tonalites and plagiogranites occur as NW-striking linear chains inside Visean serpentinite mélange. Petrographycally, the tonalites show signs of syntectonic deformation, and the plagiogranites are less deformed suggesting their later intrusion. The tonalites yielded a LA-ICP-MS zircon age of ca. 323 Ma, i.e. exactly at the boundary between the early and late Carboniferous. Compositionally, the tonalites and plagiogranites are characterized, respectively, by high SiO2 (67-70 and 73-74 wt.%) and Al2O3 (17-19 and 14-15 wt.%), Sr/Y > 40 and low Yb = 0.2-0.5 ppm. Their multi-element patterns show clear Nb-Ta negative anomalies. The low Nb/Ta ratios (7-15) and Zr (114-191 ppm) suggest a MORB-type protolith (amphibolite) with subchondritic Nb/Ta (8-17) and low Zr (1-72 ppm). The low contents of K and Rb suggest weak assimilation of the melts by island arc felsic crust. The subchondritic Nb/Ta ratios exclude their derivation by the melting of subducted/dehydrated MORB. We argue that the Char high-Al tonalites and plagiogranites formed by the melting of hydrated MORB at the base of the mafic lower crust at pressures of 10-15 kbar. The occurrences of the Char tonalites and plagiogranites inside the Visean serpentinite mélange overlapped by Serpukhovian conglomerates, their alignment parallel to deformation zones, and their geochemical features suggest their origin by the melting of mafic lower crust in relation to the collision of the Siberian and Kazakhstan continents.
Ключевые слова:	U-Pb ages; Petrogenesis; NW Central Asian Orogenic Belt; Mafic crust melting; Early-late Carboniferous boundary; Whole-rock geochemistry;
Издано:	2016
Физ. характеристика:	с.141-150
Цитирование:	1. J.G. Arth Some trace elements in trondhjemites - their implications to magma genesis and paleotectonic setting F. Barker, Trondhjemite, Dacites and Related Rocks 1979 Elsevier New York 123 132 2. A.W. Bally Thoughts on the tectonics of folded belts N.J. Price, Thrust and Nappe Tectonics 1981 Blackwells London 13 32 3. B. Barbarin A review of the relationships between granitoid types, their origins and their geodynamic environments Lithos 46 1999 605 626 4. F. Barker Trondhjemites: definition, environment and hypotheses of origin F. Barker, Trondhjemites, Dacites and Related Rocks 1979 Elsevier New York 1 12 5. C. Barnes, S. Petersen, R. Kistler, R. Murray, and M. Kays Source and tectonic implication of tonalite-trondhjemite magmatism in the Klamath Mountains Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123 1996 40 60 6. M.G. Barth, S.F. Foley, and I. Horn Partial melting in Archean subduction zones: constraints from experimentally determined trace element partition coefficients between eclogitic minerals and tonalitic melts under upper mantle conditions Precambrian Research 113 2002 323 340 7. S.Yu Belyaev Tectonics of Chara Zone (East Kazakhstan) 1985 IGiG SO AN SSSR Novosibirsk 117 (in Russian) 8. W.V. Boynton Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies P. Henderson, Rare Earth Element Geochemistry Developments in Geochemistry vol. 2 1984 British Museum (Natural History) London (UK) 522 Dept. of Mineralogy 9. J.G. Brophy, and X. Pu Rare earth element-SiO2 systematics of mid-ocean ridge plagiogranites and host gabbros from the Fournier oceanic fragment, New Brunswick, Canada: a field evaluation of some model predictions Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 164 2012 191 204 10. M.M. Buslov, I. Yu Saphonova, T. Watanabe, O.T. Obut, Y. Fujiwara, K. Iwata, N.N. Semakov, Y. Sugai, L.V. Smirnova, A.Yu Kazansky, and T. Itaya Evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (Altai-Sayan, Central Asia) and collision of possible Gondwana-derived terranes with the southern marginal part of the Siberian continent Geoscience Journal 5 2001 203 224 11. M.M. Buslov, T. Watanabe, Y. Fujiwara, K. Iwata, L.V. Smirnova, I. Yu Safonova, N.N. Semakov, and A.P. Kiryanova Late Paleozoic faults of the Altai region, Central Asia: tectonic pattern and model of formation Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 2004 655 671 12. B. Chappell, and A. White Two contrasting granite types Pacific Geology 8 1974 173 174 13. J.F. Chen, B.F. Han, J.Q. Ji, L. Zhang, Z. Xu, G.Q. He, and T. Wang Zircon U-Pb ages and tectonic implications of Paleozoic plutons in northern West Junggar, North Xinjiang, China Lithos 115 2010 137 152 14. J.F. Chen, B.F. Han, and L. Zhang Geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and tectonic implications of Late Paleozoic two-epoch plutons in northern West Junggar, Northwest China Acta Petrologica Sinica 26 2010 2317 2335 (in Chinese with English abstract) 15. S.L. Chung, D. Liu, J. Ji, M.F. Chu, H.Y. Lee, D.J. Wen, and C.H. Lo Adakites from continental collision zones: melting of thickened lower crust beneath southern Tibet Geology 31 2003 1021 1024 16. R.G. Coleman, and Z.E. Peterman Oceanic plagiogranite Geophysial Research 80 1975 1099 1108 17. K.C. Condie TTGs and adakites: are they both slab melts? Lithos 80 2005 33 44 18. K.E. Degtyarev Tectonic evolution of early Paleozoic island arc systems and continental crust formation in the Caledonides of Kazakhstan and the North Tien Shan Geotectonics 45 2011 23 50 19. J.F. Dewey Extensional collaps of orogens Tectonics 7 1988 1123 1139 20. N.L. Dobretsov Evolution of structures of the Urals, Kazakhstan, Tien Shan, and Altai-Sayan region within the Ural-Mongolian fold belt (Paleoasian ocean) Russian Geology and Geophysics 44 2003 3 26 21. N.L. Dobretsov, N.A. Berzin, and M.M. Buslov Opening and tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean International Geology Review 35 1995 335 360 22. M.S. Drummond, and M.J. Defant A model for trondhjemite-tonalite-dacite genesis and crustal growth via slab melting: Archaean to modern comparisons Journal of Geophysical Research 95 1990 21503 21521 23. P.A. Flagler, and J.G. Spray Generation of plagiogranite by amphibolite anatexis in oceanic shear zones Geology 19 1991 70 73 24. S.F. Foley, M.G. Barth, and G.A. Jenner Rutile/melt partition coefficients for trace elements and assessment of the influence of rutile on the trace element characteristics of subduction zone magmas Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64 2000 933 938 25. L. France, J. Koepke, and B. Ildefonse Hydrous partial melting in the sheeted dike complex at fast spreading ridges: experimental and natural observations Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 160 2010 683 704 26. R. Gao, L. Xiao, F. Pirajno, G.C. Wang, X.X. He, G. Yang, and S.W. Yan Carboniferous-Permian extensive magmatism in the West Junggar, Xinjiang, northwestern China: its geochemistry, geochronology, and petrogenesis Lithos 204 2014 125 143 27. S. Ge, M. Zhai, I. Safonova, D. Li, X. Zhu, P. Zuom, and X. Shan Whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope systematics of the Late Carboniferous volcanic rocks of the Awulale metallogenic belt in the western Tianshan Mountains (NW China). Petrogenesis and geodynamical implications Lithos 228 2015 62 77 28. I.V. Gordienko, A.N. Bulgatov, S.V. Ruzhentsev, O.R. Minina, V.S. Klimuk, L.I. Vetluzhskikh, G.E. Nekrasov, N.I. Lastochkin, V.S. Sitnikova, D.V. Metelkin, T.A. Goneger, and E.N. Lepekhina The Late Riphean-Paleozoic history of the Uda-Vitim island arc system in the Transbaikalian sector of the Paleoasian ocean Russian Geology and Geophysics 51 2010 461 481 29. B.R. Hacker, G.A. Abers, and S.M. Peacock Theoretical mineralogy, densities, seismic wave speeds, and H2O contents Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth (1978-2012) 108 2003 26 30. B.F. Han, J.Q. Ji, B. Song, L.H. Chen, and L. Zhang Late Paleozoic vertical growth of continental crust around the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China (Part I): timing of post-collisional plutonism Acta Petrologica Sinica 22 2006 1077 1086 31. T. Hirata, T. Iizuka, and Y. Orihashi Reduction of mercury background on ICP-mass spectrometry for in-situ U-Pb age determinations of zircon samples Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 20 2005 696 701 32. T. Iizuka, and T. Hirata Simultaneous determinations of U-Pb age and REE abundances for zircons using ArFexcimer laser ablation-ICPMS Geochemical Journal 38 2004 229 241 33. B. Jahn, F. Wu, and B. Chen Granitoids of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and continental growth in the Phanerozoic Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 91 2000 181 193 34. B.-m. Jahn, F.Y. Wu, and B. Chen Massive granitoid generation in Central Asia: Nd isotope evidence and implication for continental growth in the Phanerozoic Episodes 23 2002 82 92 35. G.A. Jenner, H.P. Longerich, S.E. Jackson, and B.J. Fryer ICP-MS - a powerful tool for high precision trace element analysis in earth sciences: evidence from analysis of selected U.S.G.S. reference samples Chemical Geology 83 1990 133 148 36. Y. Jiang, M. Sun, G. Zhao, C. Yuan, W. Xiao, X. Xia, X. Long, and F. Wu Precambrian detrital zircons in the Early Paleozoic Chinese Altai: their provenance and implications for the crustal growth of central Asia Precambrian Research 189 2011 140 154 37. K.P. Jochum, and U. Nohl Reference materials in geochemistry and environmental research and the GeoReM database Chemical Geology 253 2008 50 53 38. K. Johnson, C.G. Barnes, and C.A. Miller Petrology, geochemistry, and genesis of high-Al tonalite and trondhjemites of the Cornucopia stock, Blue Mountains, Northeastern Oregon Journal of Petrology 38 1997 1585 1611 39. O. Karsli, A. Dokuz, I. Uysal, F. Aydin, R. Kandemir, and J. Wijbrans Generation of the Early Cenozoic adakitic volcanism by partial melting of mafic lower crust, Eastern Turkey: implications for crustal thickening to delamination Lithos 114 2011 109 120 40. R.W. Kay Aleutian magnesian andesites: melts from subducted Pacific Ocean crust Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 4 1978 117 132 41. V.E. Khain, S.A. Tychkov, and A.G. Vladimirov Collisinal orogenesis: a model for slab break-off during continental collision Geologiya i geofizika 37 1996 5 16 (in Russian) 42. J. Koepke, S.T. Feig, J. Snow, and M. Freise Petrogenesis of oceanic plagiogranites by partial melting of gabbros: an experimental study Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 146 2004 414 432 43. J. Koepke, J. Berndt, S. Feig, and F. Holtz The formation of SiO2-rich melts within the deep oceanic crust by hydrous partial melting of gabbros Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 153 2007 67 84 44. E.G. Konnikov, P.V. Yermolov, and G.L. Dobretsov Petrology and Syn-inversional Gabbro-granitic Series 1977 Nauka Novosibirsk 140 (in Russian) 45. V.I. Kovalenko, V.V. Yarmolyuk, V.P. Kovach, A.B. Kotov, I.K. Kozakov, E.B. Salnikova, and A.M. Larin Isotope provinces, mechanisms of generation and sources of the continental crust in the Central Asian mobile belt: geological and isotopic evidence Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 2004 605 627 46. A. Kröner, E. Hegner, B. Lehmann, J. Heinhorst, M.T.D. Wingate, D.Y. Liu, and P. Ermelov Palaeozoic arc magmatism in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt of Kazakhstan: SHRIMP zircon ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic systematics Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 32 2008 118 130 47. N.N. Kruk, S.N. Rudnev, A.G. Vladimirov, S.P. Shokalsky, V.P. Kovach, P.A. Serov, and N.I. Volkova Early-Middle Paleozoic granitoids in Gorny Altai, Russia: implications for continental crust history and magma sources Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 42 2011 928 948 48. M.L. Kuibida, N.N. Kruk, A.G. Vladimirov, N.V. Polyanskii, and I.V. Nikolaeva U-Pb isotopic age, composition, and sources of the plagiogranites of the Kalba range, Eastern Kazakhstan Doklady Earth Sciences 424 2009 72 76 49. M. Kuibida, N. Kruk, O. Murzin, S. Shokal'skii, N. Gusev, T. Kirnozova, and A. Travin Geologic position, age, and petrogenesis of plagiogranites in northern Rudny Altai Russian Geology and Geophysics 54 2013 1305 1318 50. E.V. Kurganskaya, I.Yu Safonova, and V.A. Simonov Geochemistry and petrogenesis of suprasubduction volcanic complexes of the Char strike-slip zone, eastern Kazakhstan Russian Geology and Geophysics 55 2014 69 84 51. K.R. Ludwig Isoplot 3.70: Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication 4 2008 77 52. P.D. Maniar, and P.M. Piccoli Tectonic discrimination of granitoids Geological society of America bulletin 101 1989 635 643 53. H. Martin Adakitic magmas: modern analogues of Archaean granitoids Lithos 46 1999 411 429 54. H. Martin, R.H. Smithies, R. Rapp, J.F. Moyen, and D. Champion An overview of adakite, tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG), and sanukitoid: relationships and some implications for crustal evolution Lithos 79 2005 1 24 55. S. Maruyama, J.G. Liou, and M. Terabayashi Bluschists and eclogites of the world, and their exhumation International Geology Review 38 1996 485 594 56. T.A. Mirza, and S.A. Ismail Origin of plagiogranite in the Mawat ophiolite complex, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq Journal of Kirkuk University-Scientific Studies 2 2007 1 25 57. A. Miyashiro Volcanic rock series in island arcs and active continental margins American Journal of Science 274 4 1974 321 355 58. A. Montanini, M. Travaglioli, G. Serri, J. Dostal, and C. Ricci Petrology of gabbroic to plagiogranitic rocks from southern Tuscany (Italy): evidence for magmatic differentiation in an ophiolitic sequence Ofioliti 31 2006 55 69 59. J.-F. Moyen, and H. Martin Forty years of TTG research Lithos 148 2012 312 336 60. R.J. Muir, S.D. Weaver, J.D. Bradshaw, G.N. Eby, and J.A. Evans The Cretaceous Separation Point batholith, New Zealand: granitoid magmas formed by melting of mafic lithosphere Journal of the Geological Society 152 1995 689 701 61. J.D. Myers, and C.D. Frost A petrologic re-investigation of the Adak volcanic center, central Aleutian arc, Alaska Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 60 2 1994 109 146 62. J.T. O'Connor A classification for quartz-rich igneous rocks based on feldspar ratios U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 525B 1965 79 84 63. Y. Orihashi, and T. Hirata Rapid quantitative analysis of Y and REE abundances in XRF glass bead for selected GSJ reference rock standards using Nd-YAG 266 nm UV laser ablation ICP-MS Geochemical Journal 37 2003 401 412 64. S.M. Peacock, T. Rushmer, and A.B. Thompson Partial melting of subducting oceanic crust Earth and Planetary Science Letters 121 1994 227 244 65. J. Pearce, N. Harris, and A. Tindle Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks Journal of Petrology 25 1984 956 983 66. N. Petford, and M. Atherton Na-rich partial melts from newly underplated basaltic crust: the Cordillera Blanca Batholith, Peru Journal of Petrology 37 1996 1491 1521 67. W.S. Pitcher Granite: Typology, Geological Environment and Melting Relationships Migmatites, Melting and Metamorphism 1983 Shiva Geological Series London 277 285 68. Al Polat, R. Kerrich, and D. Wyman Geochemical diversity in oceanic komatiites and basalts from the late Archean Wawa greenstone belts, Superior Province, Canada: trace element and Nd isotope evidence for a heterogeneous mantle Precambrian Research 94 1999 139 173 69. N.V. Polyanskii, N.L. Dobretsov, P.V. Yermolov, and V.S. Kuzebnyi The structure and history of the Char ophiolite belt Geologiya I Geofizika 16 1979 52 62 (in Russian) 70. R.P. Rapp, and E.B. Watson Partial melting of amphibolite/eclogite and the origin of Archean trondhjemites and tonalites Precambrian Research 51 1991 1 25 71. R.P. Rapp, and E.B. Watson Partial melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: implications for continental growth and crustal-mantle recycling Journal of Petrology 36 1995 891 931 72. R.P. Rapp, N. Shimizu, and M.D. Norman Growth of early continental crust by partial melting of eclogites Nature 425 2003 605 609 73. H. Rollinson New models for the genesis of plagiogranites in the Oman ophiolite Lithos 112 2009 603 614 74. O.M. Rozen, and V.S. Fedorovskiy Collisional Granitoids and Crust Layering (Cenozoic, Paleozoic and Proterozoic Collisional Systems as Examples) 2001 Nauchniy Mir Moscow 188 (in Russian) 75. S.N. Rudnev, A.G. Vladimirov, V.A. Ponomarchuk, N.N. Kruk, G.A. Babin, and S.M. Borisov Early Paleozoic granitoid batholiths of the Altai-Sayan folded region (lateral-temporal zoning and sources) Doklady Earth Sciences 396 2004 492 495 76. I. Yu Safonova Intraplate magmatism and oceanic plate stratigraphy of the Paleo-Asian and Paleo-Pacific Oceans from 600 to 140 Ma Ore Geology Reviews 35 2009 137 154 77. I. Safonova, and S. Maruyama Asia: a frontier for a future supercontinent Amasia International Geology Review 59 2014 1051 1071 78. I. Safonova, R. Seltmann, A. Kröner, D. Gladkochub, K. Schulmann, W. Xiao, T. Kim, T. Komiya, and M. Sun A new concept of continental construction in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (compared to actualistic examples from the Western Pacific) Episodes 34 2011 186 194 79. I. Safonova, V.A. Simonov, O.T. Obut, E.V. Kurganskaya, R. Romer, and R. Seltmann Late Paleozoic oceanic basalts hosted by the Char suture-shear zone, East Kazakhstan: geological position, geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic setting Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 49 2012 20 39 80. I. Safonova, S. Maruyama, S. Kojima, T. Komiya, S. Krivonogov, and K. Koshida Recognizing OIB and MORB in accretionary complexes: a new approach based on ocean plate stratigraphy, petrology, and geochemistry Gondwana Research 2015 10.1016/j.gr.2015.06.013 (in press) 81. G.N. Scherba, B.A. D'yachkov, N.I. Stuchevsky, G.P. Nakhtigal, A.N. Antonenko, and V.N. Lubetsky The Great Altai (Geology and Metallogeny) Book 1 1998 Gylym Almaty 293 (in Russian) 82. R.H. Smithies The Archean tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series is not an analogue of Cenozoic adakite Earth and Planetary Science Letters 182 2000 115 125 83. J.S. Stacey, and J.D. Kramers Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model Earth and Planetary Science Letters 26 1975 207 221 84. S. Sun, and W.F. McDonough Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes A.D. Saunders, M.J. Norry, Magmatism in the Ocean Basins Journal of the Geological Society, London, Special Publication vol. 42 1989 313 345 85. M. Sun, C. Yuan, W. Xiao, X. Long, X. Xia, G. Zhao, S. Lin, F. Wu, and A. Kröner Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of gneissic rocks from the Chinese Altai: progressive accretionary history in the early to middle Palaeozoic Chemical Geology 247 2008 352 383 86. O.M. Turkina Proterozoic tonalites and trondhjemites of the southwestern margin of the Siberian craton: isotope geochemical evidence for the lower crustal sources and conditions of melt formation in collisional settings Petrology 13 2005 35 48 87. A.G. Vladimirov, N.N. Kruk, S.N. Rudnev, and S.V. Khromykh Geodynamics and granitoid magmatism of collision orogens Russian Geology and Geophysics 44 2003 1321 1338 88. A.G. Vladimirov, N.N. Kruk, S.V. Khromykh, O.P. Polyansky, V.V. Chervov, V.G. Vladimirov, A.V. Travin, G.A. Babin, M.L. Kuibida, and V.D. Khomyakov Permian magmatism and lithospheric deformation in the Altai caused by crustal and mantle thermal processes Russian Geology and Geophysics 49 2008 468 479 89. N.I. Volkova, and E.V. Sklyarov High-pressure complexes of the Central Asian Fold Belt: geological setting, geochemistry, and geodynamic implications Russian Geology and Geophysics 48 2007 83 90 90. N. Volkova, E. Tarasova, N. Polyanskii, A. Vladimirov, and V. Khomyakov High-pressure rocks in the serpentinite melange of the Chara zone, Eastern Kazakhstan; geochemistry, petrology, and age Geochemistry International 46 2008 386 401 91. Z. Wang, S. Sun, J. Li, Q. Hou, K. Qin, W. Xiao, and J. Hao Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the northern Xinjiang, China: geochemical and geochronological constraints from the ophiolites Tectonics 22 2003 1 15 92. J.B. Whalen Geochemistry of an island-arc plutonic suite: the Uasilau-Yau Yau intrusive complex, New Britain, PNG Journal of Petrology 26 1985 603 632 93. J.B. Whalen, J.A. Persival, V.J. McNicoll, and F.J. Longstaffe A mainly crustal origin for tonalitic granitoid rocks, Superior Province, Canada: implication for Late Archean tectonomagmatic processes Journal of Petrology 43 2002 1551 1570 94. R.V. White, J. Tarney, A.C. Kerr, A.D. Saunders, P.D. Kempton, M.S. Pringle, and G.T. Klaver Modification of an oceanic plateau, Aruba, Dutch Caribbean: implications for the generation of continental crust Lithos 46 1999 43 68 95. M. Wiedenbeck, J.M. Hanchar, W.H. Peck, P. Sylvester, J. Valley, M. Whitehouse, and Y.F. Zheng Further characterisation of the 91500 zircon crystal Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 28 2004 9 39 96. B.F. Windley, D. Alexeiev, W. Xiao, A. Kröner, and G. Badarch Tectonic models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt Journal of the Geological Society 164 2007 31 47 97. K.T. Winther An experimentally based model for the origin of tonalitic and trondhjemitic melts Chemical Geology 127 1996 43 59 98. P.E. Wolff, J. Koepke, and S.T. Feig The reaction mechanism of fluid-induced partial melting of gabbro in the oceanic crust European Journal of Mineralogy 25 2013 279 298 99. W. Xiao, and M. Santosh The western Central Asian Orogenic Belt: a window to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth Gondwana Research 25 2014 1429 1444 100. W. Xiao, B. Huang, C. Han, S. Sun, and J. Li A review of the western part of the Altaids: a key to understanding the architecture of accretionary orogens Gondwana Research 18 2010 253 273 101. X.L. Xiong, X.H. Li, J.F. Xu, W.X. Li, Z.H. Zhao, Q. Wang, and X.M. Chen Extremely high-Na adakite-like magmas derived from alkali-rich basaltic underplate: the Late Cretaceous Zhantang andesites in the Huichang Basin, SE China Geochemical Journal 37 2001 233 252 102. X.L. Xiong, X.H. Li, J.F. Xu, and W.X. Li Extremely high Na adakite-like magmas derived from lower crust basaltic underplate: the Zhantang andesitic rocks from Huichang Basin, SE China Geochemical Journal 37 2003 233 252 103. X.L. Xiong, J. Adam, and T.H. Green Rutile stability and rutile/melt HFSE partitioning during partial melting of hydrous basalt: implications for TTG genesis Chemical Geology 218 2005 339 359 104. A.S. Yakubchuk Architecture and mineral deposit settings of the Altaid orogenic collage: a revised model Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 2004 761 779 105. G. Yang, Y. Li, I. Safonova, S. Yi, L. Tong, and R. Seltmann Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks of West Junggar in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt: implications for a supra-subduction system International Geology Review 56 2014 823 844 106. P. Yermolov, E. Izokh, A. Ponomareva, and V. Tian Gabbro-granitic Series of the Western Zaisan Folded Area 1977 SB RAS USSR Publ. Novosibirsk 197 (in Russian) 107. P.V. Yermolov, N.L. Dobretsov, N.V. Polyansky, N.L. Klenina, V.D. Khomyakov, V.S. Kuzebny, P.S. Revyakin, and V.D. Bortsov Ophiolites of the Chara zone A.A. Abdulin, E.I. Patalakha, Ophiolites 1981 Nauka KazSSR Alma-Ata 103 178 (in Russian) 108. P.V. Yermolov Key Problems of the Isotope Geology and Metallogeny of Kazakhstan 2013 Kazakhstan-Russian University Publ. Karaganda 197 (in Russian) 109. C. Yuan, M. Xiao, X. Li, H. Chen, S. Lin, X. Xia, and X. Long Accretionary orogenesis of the Chinese Altai: insights from Paleozoic granitoids Chemical Geology 242 2007 22 39 110. C. Zhang, F. Holtz, J. Koepke, P. Wolff, C. Ma, and J. Bedard Constraints from experimental melting of amphibolite on the depth of formation of garnet-rich restites, and implications for models of early Archean crustal growth Precambrian Research 231 2013 206 217 111. T.F. Zhou, F. Yuan, Y. Fan, D.Y. Zhang, D. Cooke, and G.C. Zhao Granites in the Saur region of the west Junggar, Xinjiang Province, China: geochronological and geochemical characteristics and their geodynamic significance Lithos 106 2008 191 206 112. J.W. Zi, P.A. Cawood, W.M. Fan, Y.J. Wang, and E. Tohver Contrasting rift and subduction-related plagiogranites in the Jinshajiang ophiolitic mélange, southwest China, and implications for the Paleo-Tethys Tectonics 31 2 2012 18